United States year 1882 – 5c James A. Garfield MH stamp
James A. Garfield was the 20th President of the United States, serving from March 4, 1881, until his death on September 19, 1881. Garfield’s presidency was tragically cut short by an assassination attempt just a few months into his term.
Garfield was born on November 19, 1831, in Orange Township, Ohio. He grew up in modest circumstances and worked on a farm before pursuing higher education. He attended Williams College in Massachusetts and later graduated from the Western Reserve Eclectic Institute (now known as Hiram College) in Ohio.
Before entering politics, Garfield had a successful career as a teacher, lawyer, and military officer. He served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Ohio from 1863 to 1881, where he was known for his opposition to slavery and his support for civil rights.
In 1880, Garfield was nominated as the Republican candidate for president and won the election, defeating Democrat Winfield Scott Hancock. However, his presidency was short-lived. On July 2, 1881, just four months into his term, Garfield was shot by Charles J. Guiteau, a disgruntled office seeker. Garfield’s injuries were severe, and despite medical efforts to save him, he succumbed to complications from the gunshot wound on September 19, 1881.
During his brief time in office, Garfield made several notable contributions, including advocating for civil service reform and promoting education. He also worked to improve the nation’s infrastructure and reduce political corruption.
James A. Garfield’s legacy is remembered for his commitment to public service, his efforts to advance civil rights and education, and the tragedy of his untimely death. He remains one of the four U.S. presidents who were assassinated while in office.
