Newfoundland, which was a separate British dominion until joining Canada in 1949, issued a series of iconic stamps featuring seals. These “Seal Stamps” or “Seal Issues” are some of the most famous and sought-after stamps from Newfoundland.
Newfoundland had its own postal administration from 1857 until confederation with Canada in 1949. The seal was a significant part of Newfoundland’s economy and culture, featured on its coat of arms and playing a major role in the fishing industry.
The First Seal Issue (1865-1890):
- The first Newfoundland stamp to feature a seal was issued in 1865.
- The design showed a harp seal (also known as a saddleback seal), a species common in Newfoundland waters.
- This initial issue was a 6-pence stamp, engraved and printed by the American Bank Note Company.
Design Evolution:
- Over the years, there were several designs featuring seals, all with the animal as the central motif.
- Some designs showed a seal on an ice floe, symbolizing the harsh conditions of the Newfoundland seal hunt.
- The engraving quality was generally high, making these stamps visually appealing.
Denominations and Colors:
- Seal stamps were issued in various denominations to cover different postal rates.
- Colors varied by denomination and issue. For example, the 1865 6d stamp was in orange-vermilion, but later reprints and new values came in different colors.
Notable Issues:
- 1865-1890: The original “Seal on the Ice” design, with various reprints and color changes.
- 1897: As part of the Cabot commemorative issue, a 1-cent stamp featured a seal.
- 1910: A new engraving of a seal was used for several values in the “John Guy” issue.
- 1932-1938: “Resources” issue included a 4-cent stamp with a modernized seal design.
Philatelic Significance:
- Newfoundland’s seal stamps are iconic in Canadian and North American philately.
- They’re popular with thematic collectors focusing on marine life, Arctic themes, or local industries.
- Some varieties, like the 1865 6d orange-vermilion in mint condition, are quite rare and valuable.
Cultural and Ethical Considerations:
- Today, the seal hunt is a controversial topic due to animal welfare concerns.
- These stamps are historical artifacts reflecting the economic and cultural realities of 19th and early 20th century Newfoundland, rather than endorsements of modern practices.
Collecting:
- Collectors might focus on getting one of each design, or dive into the complexities of different printings, watermarks, and perforations.
- The end of Newfoundland’s postal independence in 1949 makes this a finite and completable collection.
Newfoundland’s seal stamps are more than just pretty pictures; they’re windows into the economic history, wildlife, and identity of a region. For collectors, they offer a mix of aesthetic appeal, historical significance, and the challenge of finding elusive varieties. These stamps remain a testament to Newfoundland’s rich philatelic legacy, even decades after it became part of Canada.